:root { --canvas: #fbfdfd; --surface: #fff; --ink: #262b35; --muted: #69717d; --line: #e8eef0; --teal: #58c5bd; --teal-strong: #31aaa1; --teal-deep: #178f8a; --teal-soft: #eafafa;
  --serif: "Noto Serif TC", "Songti TC", "PMingLiU", serif; --sans: "Noto Sans TC", "PingFang TC", "Microsoft JhengHei", system-ui, sans-serif; }
* { box-sizing: border-box; }
html { scroll-behavior: smooth; }
body { margin: 0; background: var(--canvas); color: var(--ink); font: 400 18px/1.95 var(--sans); -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility; }
a { color: inherit; }
.top { position: sticky; top: 0; z-index: 5; display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: space-between; gap: 16px; height: 68px; padding: 0 clamp(20px, 4vw, 48px);
  background: rgba(255, 255, 255, .9); -webkit-backdrop-filter: blur(12px); backdrop-filter: blur(12px); border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line); }
.top img { height: 28px; width: auto; display: block; }
.top__back { color: var(--teal-deep); font-weight: 700; text-decoration: none; font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: .04em; padding: 8px 16px; border-radius: 999px; }
.top__back:hover { background: var(--teal-soft); }
.top__r { display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 6px; min-width: 0; }
.top__back { white-space: nowrap; overflow: hidden; text-overflow: ellipsis; min-width: 0; }
/* the music switch: four bars that move while it plays */
@media (max-width: 420px) { html .top img { height: 18px; } .top__r { gap: 2px; } html .top__back { padding: 8px 2px; } }
.music { display: inline-flex; align-items: center; gap: 8px; height: 36px; padding: 0 12px; border: 0; border-radius: 999px; background: none; color: var(--muted); font: 700 14px/1 var(--sans); letter-spacing: .06em; cursor: pointer; }
@media (hover: hover) { .music:hover { background: var(--teal-soft); color: var(--ink); } }
.music:focus-visible { outline: 2px solid var(--teal-strong); outline-offset: 2px; }
.music[aria-pressed="true"] { color: var(--teal-deep); }
.music__eq { display: inline-flex; align-items: center; gap: 2px; height: 14px; }
.music__eq i { width: 2.5px; height: 4px; border-radius: 2px; background: currentColor; }
.music[aria-pressed="true"] .music__eq i { animation: music-eq 1.1s ease-in-out infinite; }
.music[aria-pressed="true"] .music__eq i:nth-child(2) { animation-delay: -.3s; } .music[aria-pressed="true"] .music__eq i:nth-child(3) { animation-delay: -.6s; } .music[aria-pressed="true"] .music__eq i:nth-child(4) { animation-delay: -.85s; }
@keyframes music-eq { 50% { height: 14px; } }
@media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce) { .music[aria-pressed="true"] .music__eq i { animation: none; height: 9px; } }
@media (max-width: 560px) { .top__back { max-width: 46vw; padding: 8px 10px; font-size: 14px; } .pz-lang__select { padding: 8px 4px; } .music { padding: 0 6px; } .music__label { display: none; } }
.pz-lang__select { appearance: none; -webkit-appearance: none; border: 0; background: none; padding: 8px 10px; border-radius: 999px; font: 500 14px/1 var(--sans); color: var(--muted); cursor: pointer; max-width: 9em; }
.pz-lang__select:hover { background: var(--teal-soft); color: var(--ink); }
.pz-lang__select:focus-visible { outline: 2px solid var(--teal-strong); outline-offset: 2px; }
.pz-i18n-wait body > * { visibility: hidden; }
:is([data-lang="en"], [data-lang="ko"], [data-lang="vi"]) :is(p, h1, h2, h3, li, small, span, a, figcaption, summary, b) { letter-spacing: normal; }
:is([data-lang="en"], [data-lang="vi"]) body { overflow-wrap: break-word; }
[data-lang="ko"] body { word-break: keep-all; overflow-wrap: break-word; }
.progress { position: absolute; left: 0; bottom: -1px; height: 2px; width: 100%; background: linear-gradient(90deg, var(--teal), var(--teal-strong)); transform-origin: 0 50%; transform: scaleX(var(--read, 0)); }

.hero { max-width: 1040px; margin: 0 auto; padding: clamp(56px, 9vw, 104px) clamp(20px, 4vw, 48px) clamp(36px, 5vw, 64px); }
.eyebrow { margin: 0 0 18px; font: 700 13px/1 var(--sans); letter-spacing: .28em; color: var(--teal-deep); }
h1 { margin: 0; font: 900 clamp(34px, 5vw, 60px)/1.22 var(--serif); letter-spacing: .01em; text-wrap: balance; }
.hero__lead { margin: 22px 0 0; max-width: 34em; font-size: clamp(17px, 1.5vw, 20px); line-height: 1.9; color: var(--muted); text-align: left; }
.hero__meta { margin: 26px 0 0; display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 10px; font-size: 14px; color: var(--muted); }
.hero__meta span { padding: 6px 14px; border-radius: 999px; background: var(--surface); box-shadow: inset 0 0 0 1px var(--line); }

.wrap { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 232px minmax(0, 680px); gap: clamp(40px, 6vw, 88px); justify-content: center; padding: 0 clamp(20px, 4vw, 48px) 120px; }
.toc { position: sticky; top: 92px; align-self: start; max-height: calc(100vh - 116px); overflow: auto; padding: 4px 4px 4px 0; scrollbar-width: thin; }
.toc__h { margin: 0 0 12px; font: 700 12px/1 var(--sans); letter-spacing: .28em; color: var(--muted); }
.toc ol { margin: 0; padding: 0; list-style: none; border-left: 1px solid var(--line); }
.toc a { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 26px 1fr; gap: 6px; padding: 7px 0 7px 14px; margin-left: -1px; border-left: 2px solid transparent; text-decoration: none; font-size: 14px; line-height: 1.5; color: var(--muted); transition: color .2s, border-color .2s; }
.toc a i { font: 700 12px/1.75 var(--sans); font-style: normal; color: #a9b3b8; font-variant-numeric: tabular-nums; }
.toc a:hover { color: var(--ink); }
.toc a.is-now { color: var(--teal-deep); border-left-color: var(--teal-strong); font-weight: 700; }
.toc a.is-now i { color: var(--teal-strong); }
.toc-m { display: none; }

article { min-width: 0; }
.sec { padding: 0 0 clamp(64px, 9vw, 104px); scroll-margin-top: 92px; }
.sec + .sec { padding-top: clamp(56px, 8vw, 88px); border-top: 1px solid var(--line); }
.sec__n { display: block; margin: 0 0 14px; font: 900 15px/1 var(--serif); letter-spacing: .2em; color: var(--teal-strong); }
.sec__n b { font: 900 44px/1 var(--serif); letter-spacing: 0; color: var(--teal); margin-right: 10px; vertical-align: -6px; }
h2 { margin: 0 0 30px; font: 900 clamp(25px, 2.7vw, 34px)/1.42 var(--serif); letter-spacing: .01em; text-wrap: balance; }
p { margin: 0 0 1.25em; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-character; }
strong { font-weight: 700; color: var(--teal-deep); }
.leadin { margin: 1.5em 0 .7em; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 700; color: var(--muted); letter-spacing: .04em; text-align: left; }
.key { margin: 1.5em 0; font: 900 clamp(21px, 2vw, 25px)/1.6 var(--serif); text-align: left; text-wrap: balance; }
.key span { background: linear-gradient(transparent 62%, #c9f1ee 62%, #c9f1ee 94%, transparent 94%); -webkit-box-decoration-break: clone; box-decoration-break: clone; padding: 0 2px; }
.leadin + .key { margin-top: .5em; }
.pull { margin: 1.6em 0; padding: 26px 30px; border-radius: 22px; background: var(--teal-soft); position: relative; }
.pull::before { content: "\201C"; position: absolute; left: 22px; top: -4px; font: 900 64px/1 var(--serif); color: var(--teal); opacity: .55; }
.pull p { margin: 0; padding-top: 14px; font: 900 clamp(21px, 2.1vw, 26px)/1.6 var(--serif); color: #14544f; text-align: left; text-wrap: balance; }
.quiet { margin: 1em 0 1.4em; padding: 2px 0 2px 20px; border-left: 3px solid var(--line); }
.quiet p { margin: 0; color: var(--muted); font-size: 19px; text-align: left; }
.says { margin: 1.2em 0 1.6em; display: grid; gap: 10px; justify-items: start; }
.says p { margin: 0; padding: 12px 20px; border-radius: 20px 20px 20px 6px; background: var(--surface); box-shadow: inset 0 0 0 1px var(--line), 0 10px 24px -18px rgba(23, 143, 138, .5); font-size: 17.5px; line-height: 1.7; text-align: left; }
.says p:nth-child(even) { margin-left: clamp(0px, 4vw, 36px); }
.chips { margin: .6em 0 1.6em; padding: 0; list-style: none; display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 10px; }
.chips li { padding: 7px 16px; border-radius: 999px; background: var(--surface); box-shadow: inset 0 0 0 1px var(--line); font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.6; }
.ticks { margin: .6em 0 1.6em; padding: 0; list-style: none; display: grid; gap: 10px; }
.ticks li { position: relative; padding: 12px 18px 12px 46px; border-radius: 16px; background: var(--surface); box-shadow: inset 0 0 0 1px var(--line); font-size: 17px; line-height: 1.7; }
.ticks li::before { content: ""; position: absolute; left: 18px; top: 19px; width: 16px; height: 9px; border: solid var(--teal-strong); border-width: 0 0 2.5px 2.5px; transform: rotate(-45deg); }
.map { margin: .6em 0 1.6em; padding: 0; list-style: none; display: grid; gap: 8px; }
.map li { display: grid; grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr) 28px minmax(0, 1fr); align-items: center; padding: 12px 18px; border-radius: 16px; background: var(--surface); box-shadow: inset 0 0 0 1px var(--line); font-size: 17px; line-height: 1.6; }
.map i { font-style: normal; color: var(--teal-strong); text-align: center; }
.map b { color: var(--teal-deep); }
.steps { margin: .6em 0 1.6em; padding: 0; list-style: none; counter-reset: s; display: grid; gap: 10px; }
.steps li { counter-increment: s; position: relative; padding: 12px 18px 12px 58px; border-radius: 16px; background: var(--surface); box-shadow: inset 0 0 0 1px var(--line); font-size: 17px; line-height: 1.7; }
.steps li::before { content: counter(s); position: absolute; left: 16px; top: 12px; width: 28px; height: 28px; border-radius: 50%; display: grid; place-items: center; background: var(--teal-soft); color: var(--teal-deep); font: 700 14px/1 var(--sans); }
.chain { margin: 1em 0 1.6em; padding: 0; list-style: none; display: grid; gap: 26px; }
.chain li { position: relative; padding: 13px 20px; border-radius: 16px; background: var(--surface); box-shadow: inset 0 0 0 1px var(--line); font-size: 17px; line-height: 1.6; }
.chain li + li::before { content: "↓"; position: absolute; left: 24px; top: -27px; color: var(--teal-strong); font-weight: 700; }
.chain li:last-child { background: var(--teal-soft); box-shadow: none; color: #14544f; font-weight: 700; }
.flow { margin: 1.4em 0; display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; align-items: center; gap: 8px; text-align: left; }
.flow span { padding: 8px 16px; border-radius: 12px; background: var(--teal-soft); color: #14544f; font: 700 17px/1.4 var(--sans); }
.flow i { font-style: normal; color: var(--teal-strong); font-weight: 700; }
.versus { margin: 14px 0; display: grid; grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr; border-radius: 22px; overflow: hidden; box-shadow: inset 0 0 0 1px var(--line); background: var(--surface); }
.versus > div { padding: 20px 24px; }
.versus small { display: block; margin-bottom: 6px; font-size: 13px; letter-spacing: .08em; color: var(--muted); }
.versus p { margin: 0; font: 700 clamp(18px, 1.7vw, 21px)/1.55 var(--serif); text-align: left; }
.versus__a p { color: #8a929c; }
.versus--not .versus__a p { text-decoration: line-through; text-decoration-color: rgba(138, 146, 156, .55); text-decoration-thickness: 1.5px; }
.versus__b { background: var(--teal-soft); }
.versus__b small { color: var(--teal-deep); }
.versus__b p { color: #14544f; }
.formula { margin: 0 0 34px; display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; align-items: center; gap: 10px 12px; text-align: left; }
.formula span { padding: 10px 20px; border-radius: 999px; background: var(--surface); box-shadow: inset 0 0 0 1.5px var(--teal); font: 900 clamp(18px, 1.8vw, 22px)/1.3 var(--serif); }
.formula i { font-style: normal; color: var(--teal-strong); font-size: 20px; }
h3 { margin: 1.6em 0 .6em; font: 900 22px/1.5 var(--serif); }
.study { margin: 1.6em 0; padding: 22px 26px 20px; border-radius: 22px; background: var(--surface); box-shadow: inset 0 0 0 1px var(--line), 0 18px 40px -30px rgba(23, 143, 138, .55); border-top: 4px solid var(--teal); }
.study figcaption { margin: 0 0 12px; font: 700 17px/1.5 var(--sans); color: var(--ink); }
.study figcaption small { display: block; margin-bottom: 4px; font: 700 12px/1.6 var(--sans); letter-spacing: .24em; color: var(--teal-deep); }
.study p { margin: 0 0 .5em; font-size: 16.5px; line-height: 1.8; text-align: left; }
.study footer { all: unset; display: block; margin-top: 12px; font-size: 13.5px; color: var(--muted); }
.src { font-size: .8em; color: var(--muted); white-space: nowrap; }
.src a { color: inherit; text-underline-offset: 3px; }
.study a, .refs a { color: var(--teal-deep); text-underline-offset: 3px; }
.study sup { margin-left: 2px; font-size: .75em; }
.refs { margin: 0; padding: 0; list-style: none; font-size: 14.5px; line-height: 1.75; color: var(--muted); }
.refs li { margin-bottom: 12px; padding-left: 2.2em; text-indent: -2.2em; scroll-margin-top: 100px; text-align: left; }
.refs i { font-style: italic; }
.refs li:target { color: var(--ink); background: var(--teal-soft); border-radius: 8px; }
.refs a { word-break: break-all; }
.finale { text-align: center; padding-top: clamp(64px, 9vw, 110px); }
.finale h2 { margin: 0 0 26px; font-size: clamp(44px, 8vw, 92px); line-height: 1.15; letter-spacing: .06em; color: var(--teal-deep); }
.finale p { text-align: center; font: 700 clamp(18px, 1.8vw, 22px)/1.8 var(--serif); }
.cta { margin: 44px 0 0; display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 12px; justify-content: center; }
.cta a { display: inline-flex; align-items: center; min-height: 54px; padding: 0 28px; border-radius: 999px; font-weight: 700; letter-spacing: .06em; text-decoration: none; transition: transform .3s; }
.cta a:hover { transform: translateY(-2px); }
.cta__p { color: #fff; background: linear-gradient(135deg, var(--teal), var(--teal-strong)); box-shadow: 0 14px 30px -12px rgba(49, 170, 161, .7); }
.cta__s { background: var(--surface); box-shadow: inset 0 0 0 1.5px var(--line); }
footer { background: #f3f7f7; border-top: 1px solid var(--line); padding: 36px clamp(20px, 4vw, 48px) calc(36px + env(safe-area-inset-bottom)); color: var(--muted); font-size: 13px; line-height: 1.7; text-align: center; }
@media (max-width: 1000px) {
  body { font-size: 17.5px; }
  .wrap { grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 680px); }
  .toc { display: none; }
  .toc-m { display: block; margin: 0 0 40px; border-radius: 18px; background: var(--surface); box-shadow: inset 0 0 0 1px var(--line); }
  .toc-m summary { padding: 14px 20px; font-weight: 700; cursor: pointer; list-style: none; display: flex; justify-content: space-between; align-items: center; }
  .toc-m summary::-webkit-details-marker { display: none; }
  .toc-m summary::after { content: "＋"; color: var(--teal-strong); }
  .toc-m[open] summary::after { content: "－"; }
  .toc-m ol { margin: 0; padding: 0 20px 14px; list-style: none; }
  .toc-m a { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 30px 1fr; padding: 8px 0; text-decoration: none; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.5; border-top: 1px solid var(--line); }
  .toc-m a i { font-style: normal; color: var(--teal-strong); font-weight: 700; font-size: 13px; line-height: 1.75; }
  p { text-align: left; }
  .versus { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
  .top { height: 58px; }
  .top__back { padding: 8px 4px; font-size: 14px; }
  .top img { height: 22px; }
}
@media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce) { html { scroll-behavior: auto; } }